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uy W¿f.or ie`.jqKq wdishdfõ f,dl=u f,dkavßh

f,dkavßfha isrlrefjda 100 la‌ jev
jevg .kafka jir follg jeä isr o~qjï ,nk wh ú;rhs
rdcH wdh;k lsysmhlu frÈ fydaokafka je,slv ysrf.or

fyd| ñksiqka lshkafka jerÈ fkdlrk wh fkdj jerÈ yod .;a;jqkah'' ^ú,shï fYala‌Iamsh¾&

Ôúf;a lshkafka uyd id.rhla‌ jf.a' ;j;a fj,djlg Ôú;h ,ia‌ik uyd id.rh we;=f<a ;sfhk ie`.fjÉp Nhdkl iq<shla‌ jf.a' wfma Ôúf;;a ie`.fjÉp l=Kdgq ;sfhkak mq¿jka' ir,j lsõfjd;a" wms yeß,d n,oa§ l÷¿j,ska fnd|j .sh u;l wfma Ôú; ;=<;a ;sfhkjd' ta Ôú; w;aoelSïj,ska WmÈk wdfõ. uyd jHikhka njg m;alr.;a;= ñksia‌iq bkakjd' Tjqka Ôú; w¨‍;ska mgka .kak l,a n,ñka bkakjd' fyd| ñksiqka lshkafka jerÈ fkdlrk wh fkdfjhs'' jerÈ yod .;a; whhs'

wfma iudcfha Ôú; jerÈ ksjerÈ lrk iriúh ;uhs" nkaOkd.drh' nkaOkd.drhlska ksjerÈ fkdjk ñksia‌iq hï m%udKhl=;a bkakjd' ;j;a msßila‌ jerÈ yodf.k iudc.; fjkak wfmala‌Idfjka bkakjd' tjeks ñksiqka msßila‌ fidhdf.k wms je,slv nkaOkd.drhg .shd'

nkaOkd.dr fodrgqfjka we;=¿ fjoa§u wmsg ye`.=fKa wms ysrf.g .shd jf.a' tfy;a fudfyd;lska wm wNsuqj fmfkkafk wähla‌ mdidu w,xldr u,ska ieÿKq Whkla‌' ÿgq ÿgq yeu w; iqÿj;ska ieriqKq ñksiqka msßila‌' ;j;a mfil fõ.fhka jev lrk wk,ia‌a ñksiqkaf.ka msreKq jev ìï rdYshla‌''' iqÿ j;ska ieriqKq msßia‌ úúO wd.ï woyk tlu ia‌:dkho nkaOkd.drh úh yelshs'

je,slv nkaOkd.drh ;=< jevìï 13 la‌ ;sfnkjd''' fï jev wxY y÷kajkafk mdá kñka' rcl mdáh" jvq mdáh" lïy,a mdáh" fõje,a mdáh" uqøK mdáh" l=ia‌is mdáh" fÜ%,¾ mdáh" nqreiq mdáh" mdka mdáh jeks mdá je,slv nkaOkd.drh i;=hs' fï w;ßka iqúfYaIS wxYhla‌ jkafk rcl wxYh fyj;a f,dkaä%hhs' ol=Kq wdishdfõ úYd,u f,dkaä%h we;af;a wfma ,xldfõhs' ta je,slv nkaOkd.drfhahs'

fuh we;=<; kï rcl f.hla‌' kuq;a msg; jgmsgdj fid`ÿre u,aj;a;lg fkdfojekshs' wla‌lr Nd.hla‌ muK jk N+ñ m%foaYhl msysgd we;s je,slv rcl ksjyk mer‚ iy kùk f.dvke.s,s jgd úêu;aj lr we;s f.j;= w,xlrKh isys.kajkqfha fmardfo‚h WoaNso WoHdkhhs' nkaOkd.dr rcl wxYh wdl¾IŒh yd M,odhSu wxYh njg m;alsÍfï§ Bg wjYH u`. fmkaùu ,ndfokafka fï jk úg tys Ndrlrej lghq;= lrk rdcldß ierhka tÉ' tï'ã' fikr;a fmf¾rd''' Tyq je,slv f,dkaä%h .ek wmg wmQre l;djla‌ lshkjd'

je,slv nkaOkd.drh bx.%SiSkaf.a ld,fha§ ;ud ia‌:dms; lf<a' ì%;dkHhka úiska 1840 § ;ud je,slv nkaOkd.drh bÈlf<a' j¾I 1844 § fï nkaOkd.drh nkaOkd.drhla‌ f,i l%shd;aul jqKd' ta wjêfha§ isr.; lsÍu o~qjula‌ f,i isrlrejkag ,ndÿkakd' kuq;a 1920 - 1925 È l¾udka; l%%u y`ÿkajd foñka isr.; jQjkaf.ka rchg hïlsis wdodhula‌ ,nd.kakd jevms<sfj< mgka .;a;d' nkaOkd.drh isrlrejkag hïlsis l%shdldrlula‌ .ek mqyqKqj ,nd fok wdh;khla‌ njg m;ajqKd' fï w;r oekg nkaOkd.drfha ;sfnk jev wxY w;r f,dkaä%%h úfYaI fjkjd' 1925 § ol=Kq wdishdfõ ;sfnk úYd,;u jdIam f,dkaä%%h f,i je,slv nkaOkd.dr f,dkaä%h m%lg jqKd' ta ld,fha§ ish¨‍ rdcH wdh;k we;=¿ frday,aj, we÷ï mú;% lsßfï lghq;a; lf<a je,slv f,dkaä%fhka'

f,dkaä%fha lghq;= isÿ jk wdldrh oek.kak wmg wjYH jqKd' wms fikr;a uy;a;hdf.ka ta .ek úuiqjd' Tyq b;d m%sh ukdm f,i l;djg tl;= jqKd'

fndfyda ÿrg fï f,dkaä% tl mgka.kakfldgu hka;% iQ;% j,ska ;ud frÈ fia§u" ÔjdKqyrKh" frÈ ñßlSu" úh<Su jeks ish¨‍ ld¾hhka isÿlf<a" 1920 § furgg f.keú;a f,dkaä%fha lghq;= i`oyd iúlr we;s hka;% iQ;% wo;a fuys oelsh yelshs' bka tlla‌ jQ zria‌gka tkaðka hka;%hZ fm!rd‚l w;ska b;d jeo.;a' tod fï tkaðu l%shd;aul jqfKa oeú f;,a j,ska' j¾I 1934 § ì%;dkHhka f.kajk ,o frÈ fidaok hka;%h wo o fyd¢ka l%shd;aul fjkjd' óg wu;rj tod Ndú;hg .;a ;j;a frÈ fidaok iy frÈ ñßlk hka;% 08 la‌o fyd`Èka l%shd;aul fjkjd' úkdä myl ld,hla‌ ;=< úYd, we| we;sß,s 100 la‌ muK fidaod ñßlSug fuu hka;%j,g fyd| yelshdjla‌ ;sfhkjd' fuys ;sfnk jir 82 la‌ mer‚ hka;% wog;a jev lrkjd'

zfï f,dkaä%fha mú;% lrkak .kakd we÷ï fudkjo @' wm h<s;a Tyqj úuiqjd'

fkajdisl isrlrejkaf.a we÷ï" wêlrK lghq;= i|yd fhdod .kakd we÷ï" fkajdisl isrlrejka wd.ñl lghq;= i|yd Ndú;hg .kakd we÷ï" ks,OdÍkaf.a ks, we÷ï iy mqoa.,sl we÷ï Ndr.kakjd' úfYaIfhka cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha" cd;sl ;dla‌IK wdh;kfha" le,‚h úYajúoHd,fha iy cd;sl ksoyia‌ Wf<,g fhdod .kakd we÷ï me<÷ï rcfha l¾udka; yryd Ndr .kakjd' kuq;a frday,a j, frÈ Ndr.kafka kE' fudlo fkajdisl isrlrejkaf.a >k;ajh ksid frda." úIîc me;sÍfï wjodkula‌ ;sfnk ksid' úfYaIfhka wfma f,dkaä%hg wkqnoaOj wfma nkaOkd.drh wi,u msysgd ;sfnk msg; f,dkaä%fha we÷ï Ndr.ekSfï wxYh yryd ;ud f,dkaä%hg we÷ï Ndr.kafka" ´kEu flfkl=g ta yryd we÷ï me<÷ï" ;srfrÈ" fmdrjk frÈ f,dkaä%hg ,nd fokak mq¿jka' Tyq lshkjd'

oekg lSfofkla‌ ú;r f,dkaä%fha jev lrkjd o@' h<s;a wfmka m%Yakhla‌'''

jir follg jeä isro~qjï ,nk wh ;uhs fuys jev lrkafk' urŒh o~qjug kshu jQ fyda Ôú;dka;h ola‌jd isro~qjï ysñ jQ msßil=;a" jir 120 - 140 ola‌jd o~qjï ,nk fkajdisl isrlrejka msßil=;a fï w;r bkakjd' /|úhka 100 la‌ muK fuys fiajh lrkjd' úfYaIfhka udkisl yd ldhsl wdndO iys;" ta i|yd m%;sldr ,nk 25 lg wdikak fkajdisl /|úhka msßila‌ fuys fiajh fhdojd isákjd' fï lKa‌vdhfï brdk cd;sl isrlrefjla‌o fiajh lrkjd'

udkisl yd ldhsl wdndê; msßia‌ wksla‌ jev wxY j,;a isákjdo@' fldfyduo fï msßi fufyhjkafk @' fikr;a uy;a;hd W;a;r fokjd'''

wfkl=;a jev wxY j,g kï fujeks wdndê; msßia‌ fhdod .kafka kE' fudlo Tjqkag lïy,a jeks wfkl=;a jev lsÍu wmyiqhs' kuq;a f,dkaä%h ;=< ;sfnk jev lsÍu Tjqkag myiqhs' fujeks wdndê; msßia‌ fufyhùu wNsfhda.hla‌ jqK;a ksjerÈj f;areï f.k u`.fmkajQjfyd;a Tjqka iu`. tlg jev lsÍu;a myiq fohla‌'

nkaOkd.dr f,dkaä%fha frÈ fia§ug yd iy ue§ug fldmuK uqo,la‌ wh lrkjo@

idudkHfhka frÈ j¾.h yd m%udKh wkqj ;ud ñ, ;SrKh lrkafka" f,dl= lñihla‌ ue§ug muKla‌ re10 la‌ .kakjd" fidaod ueÈug remsh,a 40 la‌ .kakjd' úYd,u we`o we;sß,s iy úYd,u fïi frÈ ^06Zx10Zjeä& tlla‌ ueÈug re'20 hs' fidaod ueÈug remsh,a 140 hs'

fï úÈyg >k Í,ekalÜ‌" mdmsis" nd;a gj,a" w;a ;=jd" ld¾ ISÜ‌ ljr" vn,a uÿre oe,a" iska.,a uÿre oe,a" fuÜ‌g ljr" fodr fyda cfk,a frÈ hk úúO frÈ wms Ndr.kakjd' frÈ j¾.h yd m%udKh jf.au lrk ld¾hhka tla‌l ;ud ñ, .Kka ;SrKh fjkafka' Tyq mjikjd'

f,dkaä%fha mfil .sksoe,a weúf,ñka ;sfnkjd' isrlrejka lsysm fofkla‌ úYd, fmd,algq msreKq fmfydr nE.a /f.k wm bÈßfhka hkq fmfkkjd' ;j;a msßila‌ kqÿfrys ys`Èñka úh¿Kq fmd,algq w`.=re ms<sfj<g tla‌ /ia‌ lrkjd' fï fmd,algq wr.kafka fkajdisl isrlrejka fjkqfjka Èkm;d jeh lrk fmd,a j,ska' f,dkaä%fha ue§ï lghq;= lrkafka ta fmd,a lgq j,ska' úfYaIfhka ilia‌ lrk ,o j,j,aj,g fmd,algq Wfoa isg iji 3 ola‌jd ms<sia‌iSug i,ikjd' bkamiq tu j,j,a glrka j,ska jid mia‌ oud jykjd' miqj h<s tu j,j,a újD; lr,d fmd,a lgq w`.=re .kafk Èk 10 lg mia‌fi' úlsrKYS,S;ajh we;s fuu fmd,algq w`.=re úúO ld¾hhka i|yd fhdod .kakjd' f,dkaä%fha jev j,g" lïy,a wxYhg" ld¾ñl ixj¾Ok uKa‌v,hg tu w`.=re ,nd fokjd' Bg wu;rj nkaOkd.dr uQ,ia‌:dk l¾udka; wxYh úiska fgkav¾ le`ojd wf,ú lr" ñka wdodhula‌ o ,nd .kakjd' fmd,algq w`.=rej, l;dj tfyuhs'

fï f,dakaä%fhka fldÉpr wdodhula‌ Wmojkjo@' wm úuikjd'''

2015 jif¾§ kï frÈ j,ska re'2206720 l wdodhula‌ ,enqjd' w`.=re j,ska re'390000 l wdodhula‌ ,nd .;a;d' ta wkqj rcl wxYh re' 2"596"720 l wdodhula‌ bmhqjd'

je,slv f,dkaä%hg fujeks wd¾Ól jákdlula‌ ,nd fokafk fuys isák isrlrejka' fï ksidu rcl wxYfha isrlrejka lsysm fofkl= tla‌l l;d lrkak is;a jqKd' idudkHfhka nkaOkd.dr .;j isák isrlrefjl=f.ka nkaOkd.dr Ôú;h .ek weiQ úg ,efnk fõokdldÍ ms<s;=rla‌' kuq;a rcl wxYfha fiajh lrk isrlrefjla‌ wmg lS l;dj wmj hï úYauhlg m;a l<d'

f,dkaä%fha wms yefudau i;=áka bkakjd' uq,§ kï l,lsß,d ysáfha' ta;a oeka tlg mjq,la‌ jf.a bkakjd' wms hï jevla‌ lrk ksid wfma ld,hg;a hï jákdlula‌ ,efnkjd' wm uú;j widf.k bkakfldg ;j;a flfkla‌ lS l;dj wm;=< isrlrejka ms<sn`o we;s wdl,amh fjkia‌ lrjkak iu;a jqKd'

wo wms rfÜ Y%ñlhska' rgg wms úYd, wdodhula‌ Wmh,d fokjd' ta .ek wdvïnrhs' oeka wms t<shg hkafka jerÈ yod.;a; rgg jevla‌ lrkak mq¿jka ñksiqka úÈyg' wdfh;a jerÈ lrkak ys;kafkaj;a keye' iudchg hula‌ lrkak W;aidy lrkjd' je,slvÈ wms Ôúf;a bf.k .;a;d'''

frÈ fydaok msßi l=,fhka my;a hEhs i,lkakg mqreÿ jQ ñksia‌iqkag frÈ fia§fuka Ysla‌IKh ,enQ ukqIHhka je,slv b|,d lsh,d fokafk fjkia‌ l;djla‌' Tjqka Ôú;fha jerÿKq ;eka ksjerÈ lr.ksñka bkakjd' wjia‌:djla‌ ,enqfKd;a h<s;a hym;a ñksiqka fia iudc.; jkak Tjqka isysk olskjd' nkaOkd.drh mqkre;a:dmk uOHia‌:dkhla‌ jkafk ta mqkre;a:dmkh ms<s.kak iudchla‌ ;snqfKd;a ú;rhs' wm úYajdi lrkafka nkaOkd.drfhka msg; iudcfha ufkdaNdjhka ukqIH;ajfha kdufhka mqkre;a:dmkh úh hq;= njhs'

iukau,S ke,s.u
PdhdrEm Èuq;= lreKdr;ak